How do fixed expenses differ from variable expenses?

Fixed expenses are characterized by their consistency over time; they remain constant regardless of the level of activity or output. This means that, month after month, they tend to be the same amount, such as rent or mortgage payments, insurance premiums, and certain loan repayments. These costs do not fluctuate with changes in income or usage.

On the other hand, variable expenses are those that can change from month to month and often fluctuate based on consumption or demand. Examples include utility bills, groceries, and discretionary spending, which can vary significantly depending on individual choices or circumstances.

The distinction highlights a critical aspect of budgeting and financial planning, as understanding these differences can help in creating accurate forecasts and ensuring that fixed obligations are met while managing variable costs effectively.